From modern point of view the general indication about the times for medicinal intake are reserved up to hourly, quarterly intervals or after a day and frequent medication. In the case of medical emergencies repetitive and frequent medication as well as hospitalization is prescribed.
In ayurveda there are various times mentioned for taking medicines. There are 10 specific time durations that are indicated for medicinal intake according to Susruta.
* Abhakta (Before meals just after rising up in the morning)
* Pragbhakta (Just before taking the meals)
* Adhobhakta (Just after the meals)
* Madhaya Bhakta (In between the meals)
* Antrabhakta (Between two meals)
* Sabhakta (with meals / cooked with needs)
* Samudga (between light diet and meals)
* Muhurmuha (with or without meals and given frequently)
* Sagrasa (mixed with meals)
* Grasantar (between two gulps of meals)
Apart from these 10 time durations Vagbhata add “Naish” (just before sleep or going to bed). Following are the main times described for medicine intake.
Time for taking medicine:-
All these time durations are related with the disease specific way of taking meals because the medicaments at the time of Charka and others were much dependent upon meals. As the processing of medicine advanced at the time of sharangdhar the aushdhai sevan kaal (medicine intake time) were reduced from 10 times into 5times, which are as follow: -
* At suryodaya (Sunrise i.e. empty stomach)
* At lunch times (by mid day meals)
* At evening times (with supper)
* Frequent and continuous as in emergency
* At bed times before sleep
This is because of that the medicament at times of Susruta & Charka are much depending upon food / diet. And at times of Sharangdhar the long processed medicaments came in existence thus the time duration was relaxed. But a major point to be kept in consideration is that the times of medicinal intake by Susruta are disease specific and can be very much useful in supplementary diet therapy for a variety of symptoms. As we will see that for different diseases different medication times is stated along with the way of taking it with meals.
Abhakta: - (Before meals empty stomach often sunrise)-
All the kashaya Category medicine (containing Kashaya Rasa) must be taken at this time, for diseases due to elevated pitta & kapha dosha, for Vaman (Emesis) and Virechan (Stomach wash) purpose this time is most suitable.
But as far as children, females aged, ones, and diabetic patients are concerned after given medicine at said time a light diet must be given.
Pragbhakta (medicines taken just before meals)
The purpose of such type of medication is to make sure that the medicine is readily absorbed and digested fast. The chances of medicine being emitted are comparatively less. This type is best suitable for children females; old aged persons and those who are afraid of taking medicine. The medicines acting on decreasing obesity and in Apaan Vayu Vikar (disease in Upper Gastro Intestinal tract) are best effective when taken as above indication i.e. pragbhakta medication.
A general tip for digestion is pragbhakta medication as by taking salt and ginger pieces before meals.
Adhobhakta: - (Just after meals)
Medicines taken just after meals are known to be adhobhakta. All the medicines taken Adhobhakta are tend to increase obesity. Generally adhobhakta medication is meant in Kaphaja Vyadhi (diseases due to elevated kapha). In Vyan Vayu Vikar (For disease due to Vyanvaya i.e. Upper Respiratory Tract related complications/symptoms Adhobhakta medication is useful.
In the same manner in Udan Vaya Vikar the evening time Adhobhakta medicines are prescribed. It means medication after meals at morning and evening or lunch & dinner respectively.
This can be researched easily by making a group of 10 patients with same sign symptoms and of 5 the said type of medication process be applied upon and not for the other 5 than we can observe that whatever stated in this concept is useful.
Mhadhaybhakta: - (Medicines that are taken after half of the meal and than the rest meals are taken).
This specific medication time is set for medicines used in saman vayu vikaar (diseases due to saman Vayu or complete general pathto-physiological signs & symptoms). This medication is useful in treating Koshthagata (stomach and related organs) and body parts other than extremities and Head, Neck & brain based related complications and pitta vikara (diseases due to pitta/bile).
Antrabhakta: - (Medicines taken in between two meals / or after digestion of meal).
Such medication time is after 4 to six hour of meals as the meals are digested and then medicine is taken. These types of medicines are deepan (Appetizer) and pathya (digestive).
Sabhakta: - (Cooked with meals).
If medicines are added with the cooked food then it is called sabhakta. This is used to give medicine to children, females and those who hate to take medicines. The yavagu, vilepi and other diet preparations are good example of this type of medicine.
Samudoga: -
The medicine that is taken between light diet and complemented with full diet. After taking a brunch the medicine is given and then full diet is taken. This type of medicine practice is useful in convulsions, tremors and related sign symptoms.
Muhurmuha: - (Repetitive medication).
As in medical emergencies frequent medication is done. In the same way in Asthmatic conditions, poisoning, vomiting, thirst and bronchial aggression repetitive medication is indicated in ayurveda text as muhurmuha.
Sagraas: - (with gulp of food).
Any medicine when taken with one and more gulps of food is called sagraas. This medication is useful in diseases related with pran vayu (Upper Respiratory Tract & thoracic Cavity complications). Appetizers, Aphrodisiacs, are taken in the above manner.
Graasantar: - (Between two continuous gulps of food).
This medication idea is very much useful in Cardiac diseases and Asthmatic conditions. The avaleha used in swasa (Asthma) are best useful when taken in this manner.
Naish: - (Medications to be taken in might).
Vagbhata described this medication time. All those medicines taken before going to bed are called Naish. All mild purgatives and laxatives are given in the indicated manner.
All the time durations are very much interesting and can easily be researched upon by forming small groups on relative symptoms bearing patients. The use of medication for cardiac disease is much useful as it may be added to supplementary diet planning.
In ayurveda there are various times mentioned for taking medicines. There are 10 specific time durations that are indicated for medicinal intake according to Susruta.
* Abhakta (Before meals just after rising up in the morning)
* Pragbhakta (Just before taking the meals)
* Adhobhakta (Just after the meals)
* Madhaya Bhakta (In between the meals)
* Antrabhakta (Between two meals)
* Sabhakta (with meals / cooked with needs)
* Samudga (between light diet and meals)
* Muhurmuha (with or without meals and given frequently)
* Sagrasa (mixed with meals)
* Grasantar (between two gulps of meals)
Apart from these 10 time durations Vagbhata add “Naish” (just before sleep or going to bed). Following are the main times described for medicine intake.
Time for taking medicine:-
All these time durations are related with the disease specific way of taking meals because the medicaments at the time of Charka and others were much dependent upon meals. As the processing of medicine advanced at the time of sharangdhar the aushdhai sevan kaal (medicine intake time) were reduced from 10 times into 5times, which are as follow: -
* At suryodaya (Sunrise i.e. empty stomach)
* At lunch times (by mid day meals)
* At evening times (with supper)
* Frequent and continuous as in emergency
* At bed times before sleep
This is because of that the medicament at times of Susruta & Charka are much depending upon food / diet. And at times of Sharangdhar the long processed medicaments came in existence thus the time duration was relaxed. But a major point to be kept in consideration is that the times of medicinal intake by Susruta are disease specific and can be very much useful in supplementary diet therapy for a variety of symptoms. As we will see that for different diseases different medication times is stated along with the way of taking it with meals.
Abhakta: - (Before meals empty stomach often sunrise)-
All the kashaya Category medicine (containing Kashaya Rasa) must be taken at this time, for diseases due to elevated pitta & kapha dosha, for Vaman (Emesis) and Virechan (Stomach wash) purpose this time is most suitable.
But as far as children, females aged, ones, and diabetic patients are concerned after given medicine at said time a light diet must be given.
Pragbhakta (medicines taken just before meals)
The purpose of such type of medication is to make sure that the medicine is readily absorbed and digested fast. The chances of medicine being emitted are comparatively less. This type is best suitable for children females; old aged persons and those who are afraid of taking medicine. The medicines acting on decreasing obesity and in Apaan Vayu Vikar (disease in Upper Gastro Intestinal tract) are best effective when taken as above indication i.e. pragbhakta medication.
A general tip for digestion is pragbhakta medication as by taking salt and ginger pieces before meals.
Adhobhakta: - (Just after meals)
Medicines taken just after meals are known to be adhobhakta. All the medicines taken Adhobhakta are tend to increase obesity. Generally adhobhakta medication is meant in Kaphaja Vyadhi (diseases due to elevated kapha). In Vyan Vayu Vikar (For disease due to Vyanvaya i.e. Upper Respiratory Tract related complications/symptoms Adhobhakta medication is useful.
In the same manner in Udan Vaya Vikar the evening time Adhobhakta medicines are prescribed. It means medication after meals at morning and evening or lunch & dinner respectively.
This can be researched easily by making a group of 10 patients with same sign symptoms and of 5 the said type of medication process be applied upon and not for the other 5 than we can observe that whatever stated in this concept is useful.
Mhadhaybhakta: - (Medicines that are taken after half of the meal and than the rest meals are taken).
This specific medication time is set for medicines used in saman vayu vikaar (diseases due to saman Vayu or complete general pathto-physiological signs & symptoms). This medication is useful in treating Koshthagata (stomach and related organs) and body parts other than extremities and Head, Neck & brain based related complications and pitta vikara (diseases due to pitta/bile).
Antrabhakta: - (Medicines taken in between two meals / or after digestion of meal).
Such medication time is after 4 to six hour of meals as the meals are digested and then medicine is taken. These types of medicines are deepan (Appetizer) and pathya (digestive).
Sabhakta: - (Cooked with meals).
If medicines are added with the cooked food then it is called sabhakta. This is used to give medicine to children, females and those who hate to take medicines. The yavagu, vilepi and other diet preparations are good example of this type of medicine.
Samudoga: -
The medicine that is taken between light diet and complemented with full diet. After taking a brunch the medicine is given and then full diet is taken. This type of medicine practice is useful in convulsions, tremors and related sign symptoms.
Muhurmuha: - (Repetitive medication).
As in medical emergencies frequent medication is done. In the same way in Asthmatic conditions, poisoning, vomiting, thirst and bronchial aggression repetitive medication is indicated in ayurveda text as muhurmuha.
Sagraas: - (with gulp of food).
Any medicine when taken with one and more gulps of food is called sagraas. This medication is useful in diseases related with pran vayu (Upper Respiratory Tract & thoracic Cavity complications). Appetizers, Aphrodisiacs, are taken in the above manner.
Graasantar: - (Between two continuous gulps of food).
This medication idea is very much useful in Cardiac diseases and Asthmatic conditions. The avaleha used in swasa (Asthma) are best useful when taken in this manner.
Naish: - (Medications to be taken in might).
Vagbhata described this medication time. All those medicines taken before going to bed are called Naish. All mild purgatives and laxatives are given in the indicated manner.
All the time durations are very much interesting and can easily be researched upon by forming small groups on relative symptoms bearing patients. The use of medication for cardiac disease is much useful as it may be added to supplementary diet planning.
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